00:07¡Suscríbete al canal!
00:07Mi invitación hoy en 12 Minutes with is Luca Parmitano,
00:11un astronauta italiano de la Agencia Europea,
00:14que ha sido seleccionado como el piloto de la NASA Artemis III,
00:19el siguiente paso hacia la landing.
00:22Bienvenidos, Luca Parmitano, y gracias por acompañarnos.
00:25Gracias por acompañarnos.
00:26Estas fueron el primer comandante italiano en la Estación Espacial Internacional,
00:31el primer italiano a hacer una walka espacial,
00:34el primer a organizar una DJ set desde el espacio,
00:38y ahora serán el primer europeo a ser parte de una mission de Artemis.
00:44Nosotros nos llevamos al momento en el que recibimos la llamada
00:47diciendo que serán parte de esta aventura.
00:51Sí, eso es muy reciente, es muy fresco en mi mente,
01:24y no creo que
01:26de la Earth, pensando sobre la mission ongoing.
01:29Y cuando me dijo,
01:31hey Luca,
01:32we want you to be the pilot
01:34on the Artemis 3 mission,
01:38it didn't register
01:40for a second.
01:41Y así,
01:42I actually told my boss,
01:43I said,
01:43can you say that again?
01:45I was in this group.
01:46Y cuando me dijo
01:47the exact same words,
01:48I was speechless,
01:50which is quite unusual for me.
01:52And I was really grateful.
01:54Right away,
01:56I was flooded with gratitude
01:57and the opportunity,
01:58but also I was humbled
02:00by the mission
02:01and the achievements
02:04that we needed to put in place
02:06in order to complete it successfully.
02:08The Artemis 3 mission
02:10is set to launch in 2027.
02:13It does not involve a moon landing.
02:15Instead,
02:16you will stay in low Earth orbit
02:18to test the technology
02:19essential for a future moon landing.
02:21How important is this mission
02:24for NASA's moon program?
02:26It's quite indispensable
02:27to lower the acceptable risk
02:30for the moon landing.
02:31You see,
02:32we are going to stay
02:34in Earth orbit
02:35because we don't know
02:38what the behavior
02:38of the spacecraft
02:39is going to be
02:40when performing
02:41very complex maneuver
02:43like rejoining
02:44close proximity operations
02:47and docking
02:48with two different spacecraft.
02:51None of this
02:51has been tested.
02:52None of this
02:53has been yet even simulated.
02:55We are working
02:55with the providers
02:56of the human landing systems
02:59to see how we can
03:01integrate our simulations.
03:03But we don't really
03:05know the behavior.
03:06So there is going
03:07to be an extensive involvement
03:09of the crew,
03:10the commander
03:10and the pilot.
03:11But we will perform
03:13both maneuvers
03:15in automatic systems,
03:17with automatic systems
03:18and manual systems.
03:19We will always shadow
03:21the automatic approach
03:23because it's something
03:24that hasn't been tested yet.
03:25So it's indispensable
03:26because once we achieve
03:29our mission,
03:32then we'll know
03:33that we can complete
03:34these actions
03:34and the next crew
03:36can focus
03:37on the actual landing
03:39on the surface of the Earth.
03:41And NASA
03:42has described
03:43this mission
03:43as one of the most
03:45complex human space flights
03:47in recent history.
03:49But then
03:49what makes
03:50this mission
03:51so challenging
03:52from a technological
03:53but also
03:54from a human perspective?
03:56From a technological
03:58point of view
03:59and logistics
04:00point of view,
04:01we have three launches
04:02that have to happen
04:03in close proximity
04:05and
04:07from very different
04:08spacecrafts.
04:09So the first one
04:10to launch
04:10is going to be
04:11the spacecraft
04:12from Blue Origin.
04:14It's the only one
04:15that can loiter
04:16for about 30 days,
04:18giving us a little bit
04:19of a buffer
04:20to launch
04:21with our SLS system
04:23and the Orion spacecraft.
04:25We have a limit
04:26of about 21 days
04:27of resources.
04:29So we have
04:30three weeks
04:30to launch
04:31and join up
04:32with the Blue Origin
04:33spacecraft
04:34rendezvous dock.
04:36We're going to have
04:37two astronauts
04:38going inside
04:39and those are
04:40the technological aspects
04:41that are really complex.
04:43And then
04:44we're going to separate,
04:45fly around,
04:47check any
04:49visible
04:50effect
04:50of the docking
04:51and rendezvous.
04:52And that's where
04:52we're going to have
04:53the third launch
04:53of the SpaceX
04:56vehicle.
04:57They're also going
04:58to go into
04:59Earth orbit
04:59and we're going
05:00to perform
05:01two rendezvous
05:01and docking
05:02again manually
05:03and with automatic
05:05systems.
05:06So again,
05:06technology that's
05:07never been tested.
05:08And from a crew
05:09point of view,
05:10the spacecraft,
05:11the Orion,
05:12is only about
05:13eight to nine
05:14cubic meters.
05:15so people living
05:16in a small
05:18close environment
05:19for up to
05:20three weeks
05:21in an environment
05:22that was not
05:23designed for the
05:24spacecraft
05:24because Orion
05:25is designed
05:26for deep space
05:27where conditions
05:27are completely
05:28different in Earth orbit.
05:29So there's a lot
05:31going on.
05:31There's a lot
05:32of training
05:32and a lot
05:33of thoughts
05:33going into
05:34what the mission
05:34is going to look
05:35like.
05:36And indeed
05:36about this
05:37training,
05:38how are you
05:39and then
05:39your other
05:40crew members
05:41getting ready
05:42for such an
05:42adventure?
05:44So our
05:45training is
05:46very complex
05:47and wonderfully
05:48different and varied.
05:49Only last week
05:50we were at
05:51Pax River,
05:52which is the
05:53United States
05:54Naval Test Pilot
05:55School.
05:55We were there
05:56refreshing our
05:56skills as test
05:58pilots and
05:58test engineers.
06:00We flew there
06:01with two aircraft
06:02just to get
06:03refreshed on
06:04some of the
06:04techniques.
06:05Then this week
06:06we started
06:07with several
06:08simulations.
06:09The first one
06:10in the mock-up
06:10was full-suited
06:12and getting
06:13familiar with
06:14our spacesuits.
06:15And then yesterday
06:16Andrea and I
06:18were in a
06:19six-hour simulation
06:20dealing with
06:22several different
06:23malfunctions
06:24that we had to
06:25deal with
06:25together with
06:26the ground.
06:27These simulations
06:27are going to
06:28go on for
06:29the rest of
06:30the summer
06:30and then in
06:31the fall
06:32we're going
06:32to start
06:32working with
06:33the two
06:33landing systems
06:34so that we
06:34do complex
06:35simulations
06:36both with
06:37the ground
06:37teams and
06:37the flight.
06:38You sound
06:39indeed very
06:40busy and
06:41you're going
06:41into orbit
06:42as you said
06:42with three
06:43other astronauts
06:44from NASA.
06:46On Earth
06:46we know that
06:47the political
06:47relationship
06:48between the
06:48EU and
06:49the US
06:49has been
06:50very tense
06:51lately.
06:52How is it
06:52in orbit?
06:53It's
06:54completely
06:54different.
06:55We don't
06:56look at
06:57what's
06:58happening at
06:58political
06:59level.
06:59We are
06:59operators.
07:00We are
07:01used to
07:02work across
07:05the aisle.
07:06We are not
07:08interested in
07:09political
07:11backgrounds or
07:12political
07:12heritage or
07:13political views
07:14or religion.
07:17We are
07:17focused on
07:18exploration
07:19on technology
07:21on science.
07:23We like to
07:23build bridges
07:24not walls.
07:25And so
07:26even though
07:27this is
07:27indeed a
07:29race with
07:29a political
07:30background to
07:31go back to
07:31the moon,
07:32we as
07:33Europeans,
07:34we as
07:34Italians,
07:35we want to
07:35be strong
07:36partners of
07:37the United
07:38States in
07:38this race.
07:39And we
07:40all feel
07:41a common
07:43goal,
07:44which is
07:45that of
07:45the better
07:46men of
07:47humankind
07:48on earth
07:49in our
07:49life.
07:50And this
07:51is the
07:51next step.
07:52So we
07:52are joined
07:53by a
07:53common
07:53goal.
07:54And you
07:55mentioned
07:55before
07:55competition.
07:56We know
07:56that China
07:57and India
07:58are also
07:59trying to
07:59get to
08:00the moon.
08:01Is this
08:02posing any
08:03pressure,
08:04let's say,
08:04to the
08:05Artemis
08:05program?
08:07I would
08:08say so.
08:09I think
08:09there is
08:10a real
08:12race going
08:13on.
08:13There is
08:14a pressure.
08:15That's
08:15why I
08:17believe that
08:17NASA
08:18administration
08:18a couple
08:19of months
08:19ago made
08:21those
08:21announcements
08:21through the
08:22ignition
08:22program where
08:24they want
08:24to accelerate
08:25the number
08:26of flights
08:27and the
08:28sequence of
08:29flights.
08:30But with
08:32that pressure
08:32comes also
08:33a positive
08:34attitude that
08:34they want
08:35to achieve
08:36it.
08:36And we
08:37as Europeans
08:37have an
08:38opportunity
08:38to be
08:39part of
08:39this.
08:40So as
08:41a staff
08:42member of
08:43the European
08:43Space
08:43Agency,
08:44I believe
08:44that it's
08:45a positive
08:46move,
08:47that things
08:48are moving.
08:49NASA is
08:50targeting
08:50mid to
08:51late
08:512027
08:52for
08:53Artemis
08:533.
08:54But some
08:55experts
08:55say the
08:56timeline
08:56is kind
08:57of
08:57ambitious.
08:58What are
08:58your thoughts
08:59on this?
09:00I think
09:01it is
09:01ambitious and
09:02I think
09:02it should
09:03be ambitious.
09:03If you
09:04want to
09:05achieve
09:06complex
09:07objectives,
09:08you have
09:08to be
09:08ambitious
09:09and push
09:11hard.
09:12We are
09:13getting ready
09:13for this
09:15mission as
09:15if it's
09:16going to
09:16happen within
09:17one year.
09:19If that
09:20doesn't
09:20happen,
09:20it will
09:21not be
09:21because we
09:23are not
09:23ready.
09:23It will
09:23be because
09:24part of
09:26the system
09:26is not
09:27working at
09:27the same
09:27pace that
09:28we can
09:29put in.
09:30In a
09:30moving speech
09:31after being
09:32selected for
09:33Artemis
09:333, you
09:34said that
09:35Italy was
09:36your launch
09:36pad and
09:37that the
09:37European Space
09:38Agency
09:38was your
09:39launch
09:39tower.
09:40What did
09:41Italy give
09:42you and
09:43what will
09:43you bring
09:44into orbit
09:45from your
09:46European
09:46identity?
09:47You have
09:48to think
09:48that when
09:49I was
09:49only 19
09:50years old,
09:51Italy
09:51invested
09:52a lot
09:53in a
09:54young man
09:55that had
09:57big dreams.
09:58I was
09:59able to
10:00go to
10:00the Italian
10:01Air Force
10:01Academy
10:02that gave
10:03me
10:03education,
10:04not only
10:05on paper
10:06but also
10:06professional
10:07education.
10:07the Italian
10:08Air Force
10:09provided me
10:09with skills
10:10and a
10:11background
10:11that is
10:12very useful
10:12today in
10:13my job.
10:14But in
10:15general,
10:16the Italian
10:16system,
10:17which is
10:17a 100%
10:18free education
10:19system,
10:20gave me a
10:21lot of
10:22different tools
10:22that allowed
10:23me to
10:24continue
10:25growing as
10:27a young
10:27man, as
10:27an expert,
10:28as a
10:28professional,
10:29as a
10:29pilot.
10:30And then
10:31for Europeans,
10:33we have
10:34an incredible
10:35gift.
10:35People my
10:36age, we
10:37were not
10:37born Europeans,
10:39we became
10:39Europeans.
10:41This identity
10:43was desired,
10:44this identity
10:45as being a
10:46goal, something
10:47that we wanted
10:47to achieve.
10:48And so I
10:49bring that
10:49strive, I
10:51think that
10:51desire, I
10:52bring that
10:53strong feeling
10:54that this is
10:54something that
10:55I've always
10:55wanted, that
10:56we wanted as
10:57Europeans, and
10:58I bring that
10:58with me to
10:59share with
10:59everybody
11:00else.
11:01What will
11:01you miss
11:01the most
11:02when in
11:02orbit?
11:04Oh, I
11:05can already
11:05answer that
11:06question,
11:06absolutely
11:07nothing.
11:07The time
11:08on orbit
11:08is limited,
11:09we all
11:10know that.
11:10Even if
11:11you go for
11:11a long
11:12duration
11:12missions,
11:13I spent
11:14366 days
11:15in orbit
11:16on two
11:16different
11:16missions
11:17before.
11:18We know
11:19that it's
11:19borrowed
11:20time, it
11:21doesn't
11:22belong to
11:22us.
11:23So when
11:24you go on
11:24such a
11:25mission, when
11:25you have
11:26that privilege,
11:27you leave
11:27everything on
11:27the ground
11:28and knowing
11:29that you
11:29will be
11:30there, and
11:31you go up
11:32thinking of
11:33everything that
11:33you can get
11:34from living
11:35in orbit.
11:36So I
11:37will personally,
11:38I already know
11:39that I will
11:39not miss
11:40much.
11:40I will be
11:41looking forward
11:41to a good
11:42coffee once
11:43I land, but
11:43I would say
11:44that that's
11:44about it.
11:45Thank you
11:46very much,
11:47Luca Parmitano,
11:48for joining
11:48us on 12
11:49Minutes
11:49Zwift, and
11:50good luck
11:50for the
11:51Artemis
11:51Free.
11:52Thank
11:53you.
11:592
11:592
11:59I
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