00:00Whenever someone thinks about the ongoing conflicts in Africa,
00:04they often think of wars, unrest and political instability.
00:09But why is this? What is the reason behind this?
00:12So far, thousands of efforts have been made in many countries in Africa to stop as many wars as possible,
00:18but the situation is still the same.
00:21Welcome to Deep Dive with Outlook.
00:23Today we will talk about the ongoing wars in Africa.
00:26The roots of the ongoing conflicts in Africa are politically, economically and socially complex.
00:34Although the African Union and regional organizations have plans to deal with these problems,
00:40it is still a challenge for them to be properly implemented.
00:44The local resident of Africa, Taj, says that he has to take his family from one place to another
00:52because he has no means of income.
00:54That's why he has to be forced to eat two meals a day.
00:58It should be noted that 35 non-international armed conflicts are listed in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2024.
01:05These include conflicts in countries such as Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Mali, Mozambique and Nigeria.
01:15Senegal, Somalia and Sudan are also part of this list.
01:19According to the World Bank report, the cause of war in Africa is not ethnic or linguistic fragmentation,
01:26but is dependent on the failure of poor, political institutions and structural institutions,
01:32which have been causing unrest for years.
01:35Let's see what are the common reasons that have led to wars and conflicts in African countries.
01:42Young people are now becoming more aware of global opportunities.
01:47This awareness has increased the hopes of a better life.
01:50But the controversy in elections, increasing nepotism, or regional partisanship cause unrest in many countries.
01:59Weapons brought for terrorist purposes worsen the situation.
02:04The second reason is the upcoming elections.
02:08Elections, which are considered the backbone of any democracy, often become the cause of conflict.
02:14Many times, violence and instability spread after losing hope.
02:19The opposition leader of Mozambique, Vinancio Mondlane, believes that the elections two weeks ago
02:26were unfair and deceitful.
02:29That is why he is part of this strike, so that he can protest against it.
02:34The third reason is that economic progress in Africa has slowed down in recent years.
02:40Even in countries like South Africa and Nigeria, due to the challenging climate, GDP has fallen.
02:50GDP, which was 4.1% in 2022, fell to 3.1% in 2023.
02:57Many countries, which have risen from the war, are struggling to collect clean water, health services,
03:03energy, education, infrastructure, and technical resources.
03:08Due to the lack of resources, there is more controversy, which leads to more violence.
03:14So what can be done to stop the wars and struggles that have been going on for years?
03:20Africa is also facing the problem of displacement, which has been going on for a long time.
03:26There are challenges related to political instability, border issues, and climate change.
03:32The Pact of the Future strengthens cooperation between regional organizations such as the UN and the EU,
03:39and encourages Africa to play an important role in the global climate.
03:45The African Union and regional organizations have policies and schemes to deal with these issues,
03:52but they are not able to follow them properly.
03:55It is important to strengthen the system, promote political willpower, and solve social and economic problems,
04:03so that the EU's dream of making Africa a peaceful, integrated, and prosperous country in 2063 can come true.
04:11For more such Deep Dive Explainer videos, stay connected to Outlook,
04:15and follow the next issue, which is on the Never-Ending War theme.
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