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  1. What are the special dollar sign shell variables? - Stack Overflow

    Sep 14, 2012 · In Bash, there appear to be several variables which hold special, consistently-meaning values. For instance, ./myprogram &; echo $! will return the PID of the process …

  2. The UNIX® Standard | www.opengroup.org

    May 22, 2025 · Single UNIX Specification- “The Standard” The Single UNIX Specification is the standard in which the core interfaces of a UNIX OS are measured. The UNIX standard …

  3. unix - How to check permissions of a specific directory ... - Stack ...

    I know that using ls -l "directory/directory/filename" tells me the permissions of a file. How do I do the same on a directory? I could obviously use ls -l on the directory higher in the hierarchy...

  4. How to convert DOS/Windows newline (CRLF) to Unix newline (LF)

    Apr 10, 2010 · How can I programmatically (not using vi) convert DOS/Windows newlines to Unix newlines? The dos2unix and unix2dos commands are not available on certain systems. How …

  5. unix - How to use echo command to print out content of a text file ...

    I am trying to figure out what is the usage of this command: echo < a.txt According to text book it should redirect a programs standards input. Now I am redirecting a.txt to echo but instead of

  6. unix - How to get PID of process by specifying process name and …

    Jul 3, 2013 · a way to avoid the "grep -v grep" is to use "grep <process nam [e]>" so it interpolates the string and the process nam [e] isn't found when the first grep executes, if that makes sense.

  7. unix - What is the meaning of "POSIX"? - Stack Overflow

    Nov 23, 2009 · Since every Unix does things a little differently -- Solaris, Mac OS X, IRIX, BSD, and Linux all have their quirks -- POSIX is especially useful to those in the industry as it …

  8. What is the proper way to exit a command line program?

    2 Take a look at Job Control on UNIX systems If you don't have control of your shell, simply hitting ctrl + C should stop the process. If that doesn't work, you can try ctrl + Z and using the jobs …

  9. How to get the unix timestamp in C# - Stack Overflow

    Jul 13, 2013 · I have had look around stackoverflow, and even looked at some of the suggested questions and none seem to answer, how do you get a unix timestamp in C#?

  10. unix - Diff files present in two different directories - Stack Overflow

    Nov 9, 2012 · I have two directories with the same list of files. I need to compare all the files present in both the directories using the diff command. Is there a simple command line option …