Gene flow and selection balance has been demonstrated for the fire ant Solenopsis invicta at two allozyme loci. This continent–island model gives results that well describe the system.

Natural selection, genetic drift and gene flow do not act in isolation, so we must consider how the interplay among these mechanisms influences evolutionary trajectories in natural populations.

Barrie M. Baker, A Network-Flow Algorithm for Project Selection, The Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol. 35, No. 9 (Sep., 1984), pp. 847-852 ...