Applying symbolic logic forces reasoning to be explicit and rigorous in order to get definite answers to the following kinds of questions. Does that proposition (that is, statement or declarative ...

3 paper-and-pencil formal operations tests were administered to groups of eighth graders and adults. These measures provided scores that indicated each subject's level of reasoning for 3 second-order ...

John Broome's Rationality Through Reasoning is a trail-blazing study of the nature of rationality, the nature of reasoning and the connection between the two. But it may be somewhat misleading in two ...

Knowledge representation and reasoning in logic programming constitute a core area of artificial intelligence that formalises how information is symbolically encoded and manipulated.