Learn how to calculate Value at Risk (VaR) to effectively assess financial risks in portfolios, using historical, variance-covariance, and Monte Carlo methods.

The 11 measures include both relative and absolute measures of disparities. Absolute measures include range difference (RD), absolute concentration index (ACI), slope index of inequality (SII), and ...

The Journal of Finance, Vol. 37, No. 3 (Jun., 1982), pp. 843-855 (13 pages) As a measure of systematic risk, the lower partial moment measure requires fewer restrictive assumptions than does the ...