To use Microsoft Authenticator with a non-Microsoft site or app, you'll need to have the QR code handy from the site or app in question so that you can scan it within the Authenticator app.

Scan the QR code, enter Instagram as the account name, and you are good to go. You'll see a six-digit authentication code on the Authenticator home screen. Enter the same on Instagram web. Repeat ...

Microsoft Authenticator stores all the data in the cloud with which the app is connected. During the recovery process, you are asked to sign in and verify yourself when you provide your email ID.

To set up the Authenticator app for the first time, use its option under the Set Up Alternative Second Step heading. Open the app, click the + button to add your account, and scan the QR barcode.

That's why a dedicated authenticator app, such as Microsoft Authentication or Google Authenticator, is a more foolproof alternative. Physical security keys also are much more secure than SMS.