Hypothesis testing is a procedure for evaluating the strength of a hypothesis. The methodology depends on the data and the reason for the analysis.

Hypothesis testing allows for testing an idea regarding a parameter of interest in a particular population set, using information that has been measured in a sample set.

Hypothesis Testing 2--Testing for Population Means In Hypothesis Testing 1, you were introduced to the ideas of hypothesis testing in the context of deciding whether a coin was fair or biased in favor ...

, , Bayesian Hypothesis Testing: A Reference Approach, International Statistical Review / Revue Internationale de Statistique, Vol. 70, No. 3 (Dec., 2002), pp. 351-372 ...

We explore large-scale functional linear regression in which the scalar response is associated with a potentially ultrahigh number of functional predictors, leading to a more challenging model ...

Unfortunately significance testing and hypothesis testing are of limited scientific value – they often ask the wrong question and almost always give the wrong answer.