Joshua Bloch (author of Effective Java) discovered a bug in the Binary Search algorithm, which can lead to a thrown instance of the ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException class in Java.

Data structures and algorithms in Java Collections. ... the Binary Search algorithm is almost always more efficient than the Linear Search algorithm–something you’ll see for yourself in Part 2.

The algorithm functions as follows: It compares the target value with the middle element of the dataset. If the target matches the middle element, the search is declared successful.