Bacterial restriction-modification systems are responsible for protecting cells from foreign genetic material, for example, bacteriophages and plasmids. Immune systems require strict regulation, as ...
New research shows bacteria form distinct species and maintain cohesion through frequent DNA exchange via homologous recombination. When Kostas Konstantinidis proved that many microbes -- like plants ...
When Kostas Konstantinidis proved that many bacteria—like plants and animals—are organized into species, he upended a long-held scientific belief. Scientists widely believed that bacteria, due to ...